WEBVTT

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[sil.]

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Previously on Life… … final warning.

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Dangers of the new global economy (inaudible)
split societies. Globalization is creating

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untold numbers of losers.

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I\'m fighting against the (inaudible)
driven race to the bottom.

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You\'re on the globe but in the global economy. Most of the people
in that situation haven\'t really tried to play games seriously.

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My name is Geraldo.

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I work for six years in
this Ford factory here.

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At the end of last year, over to be
more precise on December the 22nd,

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I was laid off.

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They send a letter to my house.
There was my Christmas present.

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You ask me any questions,

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if you want me to find out the answers too.
Then I\'m gonna out basically do the research

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before I\'m back to you. Okay.
This is my house.

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I\'ve been paying rent for four years.

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Now I have to start pouring money. If I don\'t
get my job back, things will be very hard.

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This is Mathews, Evy, and my wife.

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I really like to know why I lost my job.

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I wish I could get an answer

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because I still have no idea.

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Globalization is affecting

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the lives of millions around the world.
Geraldo Da Souza was one of 2000 car workers

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laid off in Sao Paolo, Brazil, because of
economic events elsewhere in the world.

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To find out why Geraldo is out of work,
we asked TV reporter, Jon Alpert

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to investigate, and report back using
all the tools of modern technology.

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I have to start out with a confession.
I don\'t know a lot about the economy.

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So why in the world did they ask me to work on this program? I\'ve
been fired from lots of jobs. I mean more than you can even imagine.

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And I\'ve won lots of prizes for investigative
reporting. You know how convenient

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my awards are down here. So I\'m going to work for Geraldo. I\'m going to go
places that he can\'t go. I\'m going to talk to people that he can\'t talk to.

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I\'m going to stay in touch. And together, we\'re going to
try and figure out what in the world happened to him?

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What we have here today is we have an Internet hook
up with Geraldo. What I\'d like to report to you

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today is that I have had absolutely
no success in getting anybody

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from the Ford Company to talk
to me, Samuel (inaudible).

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Well, tell him, we\'re still fighting
food over here. And I\'m sure

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he\'s doing his best over there.
Okay, so Geraldo

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we\'re all saying goodbye to you. And now being communicate
with you in the next couple of days we\'ll have

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another internet link like this. You know, I\'ll try and tell
you more of the information we have been able to discover.

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Hello, my name is Miguel Jorge, the
vice president from Volkswagen, Brazil.

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Geraldo wants to know how international
courses affect the automobile industry.

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When do I have crisis like in Russia?
All the investments in Brazil,

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all the money, foreign money that
was in Brazil was very afraid

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what\'s going to happen to review.
Then this money flew all from Brazil.

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So how\'s that effect somebody like Geraldo?

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Then when his money went out,
the Brazilian government put

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very high the interest rate. What happened?
People could not buy the car?

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When people could not buy the car,
the production was very small.

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When the production is small, people like
Geraldo suffer because they don\'t have work.

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Which part of the economy is making money right now.
You guys have difficulty. Geraldo wants to know

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who\'s making the money? Yeah, the banks are making the
money. The banks? The banks, yes. In all every place,

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every time, the banks make money.
We are doing cars.

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You can touch the car. You can
drive the car. In the bank,

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what you can touch? What are they
producing? But they (inaudible) the money.

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How did you save these workers\' jobs? In
Volkswagen, you have a special program

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within (inaudible) venues, within
(inaudible), but to reduce the… the…

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the income from the labor forest,
and uh… we reduced our time.

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We\'re working on it four
days a week, in three weeks,

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in the fourth week, we work five
days a week. With these we reduce

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15% of the salaries, and we
reduce 15% of the labor.

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So if Geraldo was working here, he still
have a job. He should have a job.

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Any news from Ford about
getting your job back?

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The information I had was that they had
a meeting, but nothing was reserved.

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[non-English narration]

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Bye Mathews, give Dad a kiss. Bye.

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Press the video power button.

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Enter the number.

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And I predict. Then in a few short
seconds, we\'ll be saying Geraldo

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waiting to speak to us, and… Okay.
Good morning, everything, okay?

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Okay. Great Okay, well,
what we can do today

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is that we can talk about the report that we\'ve
been working on. I can give you an update.

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Uh… I can even play for you some tapes
that we\'ve shot some of the people

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that you asked me to go out and talk to.
Let\'s get your reaction. All right, Geraldo.

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We\'re here at Sul America. This is one of the largest insurance companies
in all of Latin America. And we\'re gonna talk to an economist here,

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Roberto da Costa. Brazil has
to produce more to export.

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Let me explain this point which I think
is very important. Brazil is a country

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that is very small participant in
the world trade. We participate

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doing less than two percent in the world
trade. Just for uh… for your understanding,

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Mexico wishes half of Brazilian size
in terms of gross national product,

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export two times of Brazil. We are losing
the worst part of the adjustment period.

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Brazil is a country of transition. You
are paying a prize for this transition

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period of Brazil. If I were in your position,
first, I would look into opportunities

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outside of the (inaudible) and secondly,
outside of the status (inaudible)

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and you should not go forward above that. Please,
look to opportunities outside of resume.

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All right, Geraldo, here we\'re in my capital,
Washington D.C. Here is the white house down there

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and if you pan around over here, you can see the
Washington Monument. It\'s undergoing repairs

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sort of like the Brazilian economy. And if you want
to learn about globalization, here in Washington,

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you have institutions like the World Bank, and the
International Monetary Fund that really exert

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a lot of power over what happens in Brazil.
Geraldo, my name is

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uh… Sandy Mckenzie. And I\'m uh…
Chief of the Atlantic Division

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of the Western Hemisphere department
in the International Monetary Fund

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and this is the division that deals
with Brazil, Brazil\'s government.

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And by that I mean all governments combine,
taken as bunch, spend more than they take in.

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So how does this affect Geraldo
when he goes to work in port?

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The country is in such a position or
vulnerable to some extent to the whims of

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uh… international investors
in uh… the fall of 1997,

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the Asian economies that had
been growing very, very rapidly

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suddenly got themselves in terrible
trouble. And investors around the world

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uh… started to pull their money
out of the emerging markets,

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and Brazil is one of these emerging markets. In fact,
it\'s the… the very largest in the whole world.

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And what the government had to do at that point to
attract uh… investors was raise interest rates sky high.

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And that meant that loans to people wanting
to buy cars are much, much higher.

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Result was that the automotive
industry in Brazil umm…

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really suffered uh… a terrible
decline, and demand for its products.

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Unfortunately, about a year later, the
Russian crisis erupted on the world.

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And again, there was a flight away from
emerging markets, and the withdrawal of money.

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So what… what actually happens on the other
side of the world in Asia and in Russia,

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it had a direct link to all the situations?
It had a very direct link

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to Geraldo situation. There\'s uh…
there\'s no question about it.

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Press withdraw. Now wait. You had TV.

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I have a negative balance of a $160.

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Around the 20th of the months,
when the money runs out,

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it gets pretty impressing. You just
have to leave from day to day.

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In the past week, there has been actual
precipitous decline in the value of your money,

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and it\'s causing problems for the government. Is
there any news about this in the Brazilian papers?

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There\'s and they\'re
talking about the dollar.

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The government has to pay
its bill in dollars.

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And in terms of interest payments alone,

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they amount to over one billion dollars.

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All this affects us in our daily
lives because the government

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will then raise taxes, and increase
fuel prices to collect more money

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to send to the IMF. Geraldo, uh…

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you had asked me to find out for you, if there were
people from other economic classes, as not only workers,

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as not only poor people who might be
affected by this economic situation,

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specifically, you want to know if there were wealthy people
that might be getting hurt by… by the troubles as well.

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And we found a gentleman who used to own
his own factory. His name is Fabio Bruno.

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Hello, Geraldo, I know

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you two are interviewed. I mean here
as boss, but there\'s no difference

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between bosses and employees.

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So coming to my house, and let me
tell you my story. I lost everything.

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All I have left is my house. And now
I\'m going to show you my factory.

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When they start out, none of these existed.
This was just a wooden shack.

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I managed (inaudible). My
father made the fabric,

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and I supervise the
fabrication of these shirts.

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This is an example of our finely fabric.

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I\'m not advertising.
There\'s no use anymore.

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It\'s just to show you that I didn\'t
to make a bad quality clothes.

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I\'m not that type of businessman. The
government says the industry didn\'t modernize.

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But how? If you wanted to
buy a machine, you had pay

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an 80% import tax. Why didn\'t they won?
They get it three year payback period,

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pay no taxes, and receive the financing.
How do they expect us to survive?

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Would they have to be
able to perform miracles?

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Geraldo, here I\'m starting all over.
There are two. I had 71 years old.

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They\'re starting over. So
let\'s hope that our country

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will recognize our value
both, yours, and ours

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so keep going, be strong.

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Geraldo\'s search for the reasons
why globalization cost him his job

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seize him back on the streets. It\'s not
the carnival, it\'s a protest march.

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[sil.]

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Hello, Jon. Here we are. It took us

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15 hours to get here. We\'re
demonstrating for our rights

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as Brazilian citizens,
our right to democracy,

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to employment, to health
care, and to housing.

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These are rights and we don\'t have them here.
They wanted us to find out if they were people

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who were actually confident of the government
who are doing well because of the government\'s

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economic policies, and we found
uh… a businessman, Mario Garnero

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who actually is quite excited about what\'s happening
in the Brazilian economy, and has big, big plans.

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No air for the Black to go outside,
you could go outside. And there\'s…

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Well, actually I like to enjoy this office because
I\'ve never seen an office like this before in my life.

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It\'s just mean, it\'s spectacular. Geraldo wakes
up one morning, he doesn\'t have a job, okay.

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What forces externally, and internally,

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simply make that situation come about?

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Internally mostly, I Sent that when
you fight inflation, you have is

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what of recession. We had a mild recession

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brining down on an inflation
that was about 2000 %

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to a year to 4% a year.

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Just look on. They all feel so confident that the
Brazilian economy is rebounding. He took us on a tour

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of his latest investments. The
biggest and most ambitious

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is the construction of the world\'s tallest
building. It\'s down here in downtown San Pablo,

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not too far from your house Geraldo. And this building
is going to be taller than the World Trade Center,

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and this is going to… I already said, it\'s
going to build in the shape of a giant pyramid

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from high atop the World here. Mr. Garnero
(inaudible), and he feels pretty confident.

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So we\'ll be (inaudible) and
then around 10,000 direct jobs.

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I hope to have exactly Geraldo

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common in one of then. He says he\'s going to be
creating 10,000 new jobs in that uh… he has…

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he has a job for you. I\'m happy
to hear that, and hope is true.

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And he\'s not just another one of
our country\'s lying entrepreneurs.

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If he creates 10,000 new jobs, I\'ll be very glad to,
of course, to be one of the people to be hired.

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Well, actually, what we discovered
uh… in one of our interviews is

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that the wealth distribution in
Brazil is the most inequitable

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of any country in the world. The difference
between what the rich people earn,

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and what the poor people earn, we could actually
show you some scenes from a very poor community,

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five miles from your house.

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Hello, Geraldo. My name
is Jose da Silva Rolim.

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I\'m president of the neighborhood Union
Party showpiece. We have 60,000 inhabitants

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in our community. Devaluation of our money

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also affects us here. We have unemployment,
we have lost our buying powers.

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Let\'s meet some of the community
members who have the same problems

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as most other Brazilians.

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How many people living here? Eight people.

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And using little tiny room here.
Just in these room

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eight people. Here eight people

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in around 20 square meters.

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Hi, how are you? What\'s your name? Maria. So
how many people living in your house here?

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Four of us. No, five of us, three children,

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me and my husband. Did your husband work? No. Could
you please show me how much food you have left

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in the house, right now?

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Beans. That\'s it.

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That\'s it. So things aren\'t
getting any better for you.

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No. What\'s your name? Sandra.

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Sandra Can you show me uh…
what\'s behind your house?

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This is the toilet and everything

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goes straight into this soil here.

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Behind here.

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[sil.]

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Geraldo, I know you haven\'t got a job, and we don\'t
either. That\'s how it is for many Brazilians.

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Did you ever have a life like that?

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Was there ever a time in your life when you
were poor, and you didn\'t have any food,

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and you didn\'t know anybody who had a job?

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I lived in the streets for two years. I
didn\'t even have the basic necessities.

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And I also lived in the slums.
It makes you feel very sad

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to see people living in such conditions,

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living in misery with

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nothing to eat. Uh… Very sad.

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Well, now you make me sad Geraldo.

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Just… just… just… just… watching you.
Time goes by,

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days go by, and nothing ever changes.
Of course, we all are

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for bringing down inflation.
Inflation had to be controlled,

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but not of the price of a poverty,
and hunger, and then employment.

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What is the latest information

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that you get from Ford about whether or
not you\'re going to get your job back?

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I\'ve been told that there\'s
a list of 70 people

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being considered for rehiring.

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And my name\'s on that list according to the committee
at the factory. One of the things you asked me to do

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was to go visit the World Bank and to talk
with them and to find out how they see

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their policies affecting Brazil? How they look
at the Brazilian economy? So I have a tape

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that I made when I visited the World Bank.
I\'d like to play it for you. Hello, Geraldo.

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My name is Gobind Nankani County. And
I work with the World Bank. Geraldo,

00:20:15.000 --> 00:20:19.999
you\'re working in an industry which
happens to be an industry that grows

00:20:20.000 --> 00:20:24.999
extremely fast when the economy is doing very
well. But it\'s also one of the industries

00:20:25.000 --> 00:20:29.999
that drops the fastest when the
economy slows down. Brazil today

00:20:30.000 --> 00:20:34.999
receives $20 billion of direct
foreign investment a year

00:20:35.000 --> 00:20:39.999
far from the world, second in the developing
world to China. This is a mark of confidence

00:20:40.000 --> 00:20:44.999
by international investors,
not just moving funds

00:20:45.000 --> 00:20:49.999
in and out of the country, but willing to invest in
plant, and equipment, and machinery employing Brazilians

00:20:50.000 --> 00:20:54.999
to produce in Brazil. So my plea
to you is difficult as it is,

00:20:55.000 --> 00:20:59.999
look at the bigger picture, look
at what Brazil is trying to create

00:21:00.000 --> 00:21:04.999
not just for your generation, but your
children\'s generation. It\'s a hard time,

00:21:05.000 --> 00:21:09.999
but… but really there\'s lots and lots of
light at the end of a… not too long tunnel.

00:21:10.000 --> 00:21:14.999
He said, \"Just hold on Geraldo, and…
and everything\'s going to be okay.

00:21:15.000 --> 00:21:19.999
I feel very small and helpless.

00:21:20.000 --> 00:21:24.999
It\'s as if my hands are tied. We\'ve
been working on this program now

00:21:25.000 --> 00:21:29.999
for almost three months. And for three months,
we\'ve been trying to get Ford to talk to us,

00:21:30.000 --> 00:21:34.999
and they refuse. But they did
send me this lovely fax.

00:21:35.000 --> 00:21:39.999
Ford recognizes our employees are our
strength, and our most valued resource.

00:21:40.000 --> 00:21:44.999
To dismiss workers is an
extreme measure, and only done

00:21:45.000 --> 00:21:49.999
when there are no other options available. Due to
the weak economy, and shrinking market in Brazil,

00:21:50.000 --> 00:21:54.999
we were compelled to look at all cost cutting
measures, and to let some of our workers

00:21:55.000 --> 00:21:59.999
go to remain competitive. Ford
is committed to our employees,

00:22:00.000 --> 00:22:04.999
customers, and shareholders, we have operated
in Brazil for 80 years of good and bad times,

00:22:05.000 --> 00:22:09.999
and remain dedicated to that market.
Geraldo, this is the best

00:22:10.000 --> 00:22:14.999
I could get from Ford. Have you had
any word from them about your job?

00:22:15.000 --> 00:22:19.999
Uh… I\'m supposed to receive a telegram
this week about returning to work at Ford.

00:22:20.000 --> 00:22:24.999
At least that\'s what I was told last week.

00:22:25.000 --> 00:22:29.999
And today, 43 people went back to work.

00:22:30.000 --> 00:22:34.999
I think that we\'ve learned that these forces can affect
anybody, anywhere in the world. They can affect you,

00:22:35.000 --> 00:22:39.999
and they can affect the people watching this TV program. And
one day, things can start happening in a far away corner,

00:22:40.000 --> 00:22:44.999
and the Dominoes can start falling,
and you could wind up joining Geraldo

00:22:45.000 --> 00:22:49.999
on the unemployment line. So Geraldo,
the last part of this program,

00:22:50.000 --> 00:22:54.999
we\'re saving for you when you send us
news whether you get your job back.

00:22:55.000 --> 00:22:59.999
I wish you the best of luck. And we\'re going to
be holding our breath waiting for news of you

00:23:00.000 --> 00:23:04.999
getting your job back, okay?

00:23:05.000 --> 00:23:10.000
Turn off, turn off, turn off.

00:24:20.000 --> 00:24:28.000
[sil.]