How do we want to live, where do we want to go? The film tells the fascinating…
Monobloc
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- Transcript
Universally recognized yet frequently discarded, the monobloc plastic chair has been the world’s best-selling piece of furniture since its invention in the 1970s, with over a billion units in circulation worldwide.
Hauke Wendler’s feature-length documentary MONOBLOC takes a closer look at this deceptively bland piece of furniture, exploring its ubiquity and streamlined production process as a potent microcosm of economic globalization and inequality. Originally conceived by Henry Massonnet as a fashionable design object for upper-class consumers, the pursuit of lowered production costs above all else soon led it to become a symbol of cheap design and bad taste across much of the first world.
Filming across five continents, Wendler contrasts this disparaging view of the Monobloc with its role in many developing countries, where its low cost has made it one of the few pieces of furniture that impoverished families can afford. In Uganda we are introduced to Dan Schoendorfer, whose Free Wheelchair Mission has modified inexpensive Monoblocs to make wheelchairs available to millions for the first time. Trips to India and Brazil similarly reveal the chair’s importance to the developing world, where local industrialist families have taken over the production and recycling process.
Unexpectedly expansive in scope, MONOBLOC reveals how a single consumer product can tell a much broader story of global development, aesthetic judgement and economic inequality.
“Brilliant idea of Hauke Wendler’s to retrace the success story of this chair. Because it showcases in such an exemplary fashion how globalization functions.” —Walli Müller, NDR Info
“The documentary tells not only a tale of design history, at the same time it’s an exercise in aesthetic humility because it casts light on the monobloc’s role in the not so affluent world, too.” —Kathleen Hildebrand, Süddeutsche Zeitung
“Wendler’s film was shot before the pandemic. In other words, it has nothing at all to do with the coronavirus, yet – just like FFP2 masks – it stands for the ONE world we all live in.” —Wulf Schmiese, Heute Journal, ZDF network
“A documentary film that not only relates the story of this furniture but simultaneously allows the monobloc to become a yardstick for inequality in the world.” —Gesa Ufer, Deutschlandfunk Kultur
Citation
Main credits
Wendler, Hauke (film director)
Wendler, Hauke (screenwriter)
Sveistrup, Sigrid (editor of moving image work)
Mahlau, Boris (director of photography)
Hettinga, Taco van (composer)
Other credits
Editor, Sigrid Sveistrup; director of photography, Boris Mahlau; music, Taco van Hettinga.
Distributor subjects
Sustainability; ArtKeywords
WEBVTT
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[men speaking French]
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[woman speaking foreign language]
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[cars hooting]
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Sometimes you get to a point in Africa
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where you know you will never be able to get
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the next level of something,
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whether it\'s furniture,
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whether it\'s a car or it\'s a bicycle.
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Some people have just written it off.
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I think the biggest decision that we need to make
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as human beings is to live with what you have.
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And that\'s what I decided personally.
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And that has helped me in life.
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[car hooting]
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Hi.
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My name is Francis Mugwanya.
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I am the director of the Father\'s Heart Mobility Ministry,
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and I go to Ggaba community church.
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That\'s my church.
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I am one of the ministers or pastors in that church.
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I am married to Adrienne Mugwanya.
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We have three children, Hannah, Elijah, and Katerina.
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Okay, off we go.
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I was born like any other normal child,
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I was able to walk.
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And when I was three and a half years old, I got polio,
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which affected both of my legs.
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Because of what I went through as a child,
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I run the Father\'s Heart Mobility Ministry
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to distribute wheelchairs to people that cannot afford them.
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about 5 million people with different forms of disabilities.
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Our population now is about 40 million people.
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And so 5 million is a lot of people.
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And among those,
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1 million is expected to need or not have wheelchairs.
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Right now we are loading wheelchairs for Mpigi.
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We\'ll be going to that distribution
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in Mpigi for the next four days.
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We\'re taking 100 wheelchairs
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from Free Wheelchair Mission.
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Free Wheelchair Mission is one of our partners
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that we work with.
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They ship us wheelchairs and we are their hands and feet,
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and we distribute those wheelchairs.
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So we\'re taking four sizes of them,
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the small, the medium, the large, and the Gen Ones.
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A Gen One wheelchair is the first generation of a wheelchair
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that was designed by Free Wheelchair Mission.
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[upbeat music]
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[man speaking foreign language]
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I know how to put the wheelchair together.
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So wherever we go, like we can,
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most of them do not know how to put
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their wheelchair together, but will need help.
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So we teach them how to put the wheelchair together.
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We ask them, okay, in case the wheelchairs need repairs,
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when we are not in the community, they can help the people.
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So we teach them how to put the wheelchairs together.
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lives on a dollar a day.
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Now, if you earn a dollar a day,
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how much can you save to buy a wheelchair?
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It will take you a long time.
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People would criticize a Gen One wheelchair,
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saying, well, why don\'t we give them a better one?
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Well, if you can\'t afford a wheelchair,
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would you rather wait for a $2,000 wheelchair?
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Or would you rather be off of the ground
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with a Gen One wheelchair with a plastic chair in it?
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A plastic chair is one that is meeting a practical need.
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We won\'t wait for Europe or America
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to give us furniture as well.
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We can meet our needs by using what is available to us.
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And we keep a happy life.
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[man speaking German]
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I was born in Albany, New York,
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and I studied mechanical engineering,
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but looking at it from biological, physiological problems.
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Hospitals, medicine, and I was successful at it.
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I was making companies I worked for a fortune.
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But we were just making your hospital stay a few seconds
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shorter if you wanted to average it all out.
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When I looked at it from that perspective,
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it really wasn\'t a wonderful career.
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People get caught up thinking
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that their own success is the goal.
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It\'s not the success of the world.
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It\'s their own personal goal that they\'re worrying about.
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They\'re not looking around
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and seeing what\'s going on in this world anyway.
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99% of the world is owned by 1% of the people.
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It\'s totally crazy.
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It\'s never been that way before.
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We can ignore that and just look at
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our own little prosperity,
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but I don\'t think that\'s what God wanted us to do.
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This is the second wheelchair we gave away.
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And her name is Lotus Blossom.
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Kamalagali in her language, Tamil, in Chennai, India.
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We met her, she was on a mat on her stomach,
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in this dark hut, and as we walk in and you know,
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there\'s someone down there and she\'s looking at my feet.
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And that was Lotus Blossom,
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and she was diagnosed by our medical director
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to having muscular dystrophy.
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I had him come along for this distribution.
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And he said, yeah, she\'s perfect for a chair.
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So we put her in a chair and she just started to smile
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and her mother just started to cry.
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This was a good story from Vietnam.
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This man who\'s being carried, was a soldier, the Viet Cong.
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Was wounded, probably early seventies, late sixties.
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His brother had carried him every day since then.
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So this is the first day...
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Happy.
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Imagine carrying your brother for 35 years
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everywhere he\'d go.
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And then to see, suddenly one day,
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he gets a promotion...
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In a white resin lawn chair.
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In the beginning 20 years ago,
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the thought was, get people up off the ground.
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Okay. Well, how many people are there?
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Oh, 70 million. The number keeps on fluctuating.
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I made a hundred wheelchairs in the garage.
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So we started out just trying to come up with
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the least expensive, most durable wheelchair we could make.
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I needed to get the costs down as much as possible.
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So that\'s where the engineering came in view.
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I said, what\'s the most common chair in the world?
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White resin lawn chair.
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I picked it because it was $4 on sale in the fall,
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in the end of the season.
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[gentle music]
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They have these white resin lawn chairs in restaurants,
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and the reason why they use it
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because they want their customers to be comfortable
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while they\'re having dinner.
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I came back from India, was beginning of 2001,
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took about six months to figure out
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how to put together a nonprofit, Free Wheelchair Mission.
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Took another few months to figure out
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where to get the wheelchairs made, formed a board,
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and you need a mission statement.
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\"Provide the transforming gift of mobility,
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to people with disabilities in the developing world,
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following the teachings of Jesus Christ.\"
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That was our mission statement.
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It\'s pretty much the exact same thing today.
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So here we are 2019.
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We\'re a little over 1.1 million wheelchairs.
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Good morning, Olivia.
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in engineering on products that are given
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to the people in the developing world.
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I hate to say this, but it\'s almost like they get leftovers.
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They get used clothing and they get surplus food.
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They get old radios that no one wants anymore.
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No one ever comes and says,
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I want to optimize something
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with all of the engineering talents I have
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for a product to give to the people in the developing world.
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So we\'ve got this machine tested and set up
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so it can run 24/7.
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And we\'ve learned so much in this last year
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about information we would never have gotten from the field.
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I mean, I had a lot of given, I had a lot of gifts.
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I had the opportunity to be sent to college.
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I had an opportunity to get scholarships
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and an opportunity to get jobs.
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I had lots of people helping me all my life
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to have a home and to have a job
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and have all this stuff around here.
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Well, what for?
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Was it just for me?
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Or was it for me to think about the people
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who didn\'t get those breaks in developing countries?
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[man speaking foreign language on radio]
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[upbeat music]
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[people speaking in foreign language]
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We don\'t know when they will come.
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So what we found is in Africa and in Uganda,
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is that life doesn\'t end
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when you don\'t have electricity in the house.
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Life doesn\'t end when you don\'t have
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a refrigerator full of food.
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Life doesn\'t end when you sit in a wheelchair
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that is made with a plastic chair.
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[upbeat music]
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[woman speaks foreign language]
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[upbeat music]
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[man speaks German]
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[people speaking German]
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[man speaking foreign language]
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[gentle Indian music]
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I am heading the business vertical for Supreme Industries.
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I am the vice president for furniture division.
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Supreme is one of the largest plastic
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processing company in India.
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Our annual turnover right now in terms of our annual sales
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is closing about $850 million.
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No, no, no, no, no, no.
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Just, just listen.
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You see there are various stages of opening there.
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Now what happens is that supposing they decide
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that this is a document which you have not submitted,
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so maybe they can just disqualify.
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When we say monobloc chair, Supreme started in 1990.
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If we really look back, generally,
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people would not have any dining seating in homes basically.
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They would sit on the floor at a lower middle class income.
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But today, because of plastic furniture,
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they have a dining table, which is made of plastic.
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They have dining chairs, which are made of plastic.
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So that whole evolution of the society
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has happened with plastic chairs.
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Once the market was growing,
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everybody was fighting for a large market share.
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And that\'s the time when the rat race started
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between various manufacturers.
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Because of the price war, because of the competition,
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the people started compromising on the quality.
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I started with a 3.3 kilogram product,
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then came 2.8 kg, then 2.7 kg.
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So it went down up to 1.7 kilograms.
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At 1.7 kilogram, and asking a person of 100 kilogram
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to sit on it and the chair should stay stable.
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How it can be?
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That has been, I would say the death knell
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of plastic monobloc chair.
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[man speaking German]
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we need to take some action.
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We need to move out of this.
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So we decided, let\'s create a different business line.
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Let\'s build the credibility of the product
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because if the product credibility is finished,
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the entire industry will be washed out basically.
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Good morning, everybody.
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that are planned for this season.
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You guys have been talking about
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that we really need to have something different now.
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I\'ll show you the product itself
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and you can, after the conference,
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you can have a feel, look of the product itself.
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Yes, here it is. Spectrum.
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Look at the style basically.
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The kind of contours, the basic beauty
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is the overall contour of the body, basically.
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I\'m very impressed.
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The whole idea is that today, people who have
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not been buying plastic chairs up till now,
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we are forcing them to look at plastic chair.
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Really speaking, that this is a designer product.
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This is very, very upmarket.
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This is contemporary.
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So you\'ve got about four months time
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to discuss with your entire team,
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with your entire distribution,
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that this is a new product that we are coming out with,
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how to place it properly.
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Rajiv, you have been handling international market.
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The look and design very much are internationally
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and we can have a very good product to market.
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In which factory?
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[man speaking foreign language]
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[upbeat music]
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[man speaking foreign language]
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about plastic chairs, that people don\'t like it.
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Europe, okay, it\'s a very developed economy.
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So they may say that they can afford to buy
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an expensive product, basically.
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But that does not mean that people
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who want to sit on a chair and who cannot afford,
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and they should not buy a plastic chair.
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Why?
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Yeah.
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Yeah.
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Yeah.
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Today in India, the plastic chair is a must
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because how many trees would be getting cut
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if we have to replace those plastic chairs
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with something else?
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India is really, really short of forest cover.
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Even if I were to presume maybe 50% or 60% would be wood,
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even then the entire vegetation can get wiped out basically.
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Plastic chair is made out of polypropylene, primarily.
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99.99% of the chairs are made out of polypropylene,
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which is 100% recyclable polymer.
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[people speaking foreign language]
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Supreme is committed to remain
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in plastic furniture for long.
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We have had many, many times when a lot of discussion
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has happened within the organization,
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should we migrate to metal furniture?
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Should we do away with plastic or not?
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But Supreme has stayed with plastic
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because we still believe plastic is a product to stay.
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[people speaking German]
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[anticipatory music]
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[man speaking German]
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01:16:36.112 --> 01:16:39.779 line:15%
[woman speaking Portuguese]
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[light music]
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[man speaking Portuguese]
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[man speaking German]
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[man speaking Portuguese]
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[pensive music]
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[woman speaking Portuguese]
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[man speaking German]
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[drums beating]
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[upbeat music]
Distributor: Icarus Films
Length: 90 minutes
Date: 2022
Genre: Expository
Language: German; Portuguese / English subtitles
Color/BW:
Closed Captioning: Available
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