WEBVTT

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The Isthmus of Panama was split
in two in order to build…

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an interoceanic Canal.

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Within the areas surrounding it,

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the USA stablished a territory
known as the Canal Zone,

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which was ruled by its customs and laws
between 1903 and 1999.

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This physical, social
and political foreign presence,

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set in the center of the country,
guided the fate and identity

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of the Panamanian Nation forever.

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CULEBRA CUT
PANAMA CANAL

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I saw you, baby! Come in.

00:24:27.750 --> 00:24:29.750
How did you sleep?

00:24:41.042 --> 00:24:43.458
Panama and the Zone are
very different.

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First of all, we live
one on top of each other.

00:24:48.542 --> 00:24:50.125
We don\'t have so many pretty things.

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Cars are uglier, men are uglier.

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Even dogs are uglier!

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Are you crazy, baby?

00:25:12.250 --> 00:25:14.042
What would people say about
a panamanian like me…

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walking around with a \'gringuito\' like you?

00:25:17.708 --> 00:25:19.792
This city is split up.

00:25:20.917 --> 00:25:23.542
I got my half and you got yours.

00:25:28.958 --> 00:25:30.958
I come here because I come to work.

00:25:31.583 --> 00:25:33.833
Without this uniform I\'m
nobody in the Canal Zone

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This? It\'s my scapulary

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It\'s like a charm, to
protect me from the spirits.

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The restless souls of the dead…

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that are unhappy to be where they are.

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Yes…
Everyone has their own belief.

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The important thing is that
you truly believe in it.

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C\'mon, baby.
It\'s time to go to school.

00:32:37.208 --> 00:32:40.417
Look at that one,
the one up there!

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Hey, get that over there.

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Here it is.

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Tavito!

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-Wake up!
-Are you okay?

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So the girly \"gringos\" got scared?

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A small little bullet doesn\'t hurt me.

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Are you coming or what?

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- What\'s up, \'gringo\'?
- What if we take him away?

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- Where\'s you nanny?
- Let\'s take him away.

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Hey Bolo, Bolo, stop that…
This is not your place.

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I\'ll tell Chimba to knock you down.

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Oh, the \'gringuito\' has a sissy!

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If we had known she was your wife,
we wouldn\'t have bothered him.

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Hey, those guys are really annoying?

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Were you scared?

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Here, I\'ll give you my charm.
It will protect you.

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Here, take it.

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Hey you, damn kids!

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Tavito, I saw you!
I\'ll tell your father!

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- Do you understand all he\'s saying?
- Of course.

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My grandma always said that
I was half boy, half monkey.

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It\'s time.

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Good luck, little man.

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Go.

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In compliance with the
Kennedy-Chiari agreement,

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the Canal Zone\'s governor, Robert Flemming,

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issued a statement regulating the raising
of the panamanian flag in the Canal Zone.

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- Hey, lend me your camera.
- No.

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- C\'mon, lend it to me.
- No, I won\'t.

00:39:23.750 --> 00:39:25.833
Breakfast is ready!
Excuse me.

00:39:29.125 --> 00:39:30.000
Now what?

00:39:30.167 --> 00:39:31.125
I don\'t know.

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I mean, things worked out well so far.

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Besides, we\'re good neighbors.
Kennedy said so himself.

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Eat your food!

00:39:38.167 --> 00:39:41.667
That\'s enough. Let\'s have some
breakfast, please. I have to go.

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If I were a \'gringo\', I wouldn\'t want
to share my flag with others. would I?

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Albertito, please leave your brother
alone and have some breakfast.

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Stop that, ok?

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I don\'t speak english.

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Sorry.

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Comrades, If we are here today,
it\'s because things have gone wrong…

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and it\'s time for us to
take action, Isn\'t it?

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How enthusiastic you are, comrades!
I see plenty of revolutionary joy!

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I admire the \'gringos\', because they
know what they want, and just take it.

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Are we going to stay calm, watching
how they step over our rights…

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and treat us like colonized servants?

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What did the principal said?

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He said the American flag
can\'t be raised in school.

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But he can\'t restrain his students
for going against the statement.

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Do you realize what that means?

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It means that they won\'t let us
raise our flag in our own country.

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The Canal Zone is under Louisiana\'s
laws, in case you didn\'t know.

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But we are in Panama!

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Exactly. This is a way to make
them know the panamanian flag…

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is made of the same fabric,
and the wind can also move it!

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We are the wind, fellows!

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There will be just one flag raised
in the Zone: the panamanian one.

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Not other flag would be allowed,
only the panamanian one.

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The panamanian flag.

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Does he knows where he is taking us?

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I don\'t know.

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This way.

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Look…

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I failed. He asked for my ID and I
forgot all the English you told me.

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What\'s the matter with you?

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It\'s too much, man.
I\'m not good for English.

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My mind became cloudy.

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Damn gringos! This is my country!

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C\'mon, let\'s go.

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That\'s my way in.

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That\'s your way in?
Yes, sure.

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Go on then.

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So, you speak english now.
You clown!

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I also like you.

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\'Gringos\' behave like fools.
They could rise both flags and that\'s it.

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\'Gringos\' are not the problem, Zonians are.

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It\'s the same thing!

00:48:48.375 --> 00:48:50.375
So, you want spaguettis and what else.

00:48:50.875 --> 00:48:53.417
Meat balls with lots of sauce, Anselmo.

00:48:53.542 --> 00:48:55.167
Lots of sauce? Ok.

00:48:56.458 --> 00:48:58.792
- Zonians are the problem?
- Of course they are.

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Zonians are the settlers
sent by the \'gringos\'…

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to come and take care and
protect the Canal Zone\'

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They\'re already here,
so what can we do?

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They are them and we are us.
That\'s how it is

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If somebody crosses the line,
ends up in prison.

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That\'s absurd.
This is only one country.

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What if I fall in love with a zonian girl?

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My son would be half and half.

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A symbol of national unity.

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Don\'t talk nonsense.
What\'s that all about?

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Look, son…

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There was a panamanian gardener working
in those Canal Zone\'s big houses.

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The landlady fell in love with him,
and they had a secret love affair.

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One night, this man came
out of the house very late.

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And what happened?

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The police caught him.

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This poor, frightened guy,
confessed everything.

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The whole thing. The love
affair he had with that woman.

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She denied everything.

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They gave him twenty
years in prison for rape.

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That\'s Lousiana\'s law, my son.

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This is not a story, do you understand?
That gardener has a name:

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Lester Leon Greaves.
He\'s still in prison at Gamboa.

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Spaghetti\'s ready!

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See you, Anselmo!

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Bye, Milton.

00:50:51.250 --> 00:50:52.583
So?

00:50:53.458 --> 00:50:54.958
You\'ve been looking for two hours

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No money, no rock & roll.

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Go ahead, pal.

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This is my country.

00:53:04.250 --> 00:53:05.833
What?

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Then, what do you come for?

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May I see you again?

00:54:08.250 --> 00:54:09.583
I don\'t speak Spanish.

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What\'s up?

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We\'re waiting for the principal\'s decision.

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- Are you going?
- No, I have a game at Santa Rita.

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I\'m going.

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With your permission, please.

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Panama is sovereign in the Canal Zone!
Panama is sovereign in the Canal Zone!

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PANAMA IS SOVEREIGN
IN THE CANAL ZONE

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WE WANT ONLY
THE PANAMANIAN FLAG

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-Quiet.
-Quiet.

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We have to raise our flag!

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We have to make every effort!

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Police won\'t stop us.

00:56:51.292 --> 00:56:53.792
We\'re not criminals.
What\'s all this police force about?

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We\'re not leaving without singing
our national anthem and raising our flag,

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It\'s our right!

00:57:18.917 --> 00:57:20.625
We must raise our flag!

00:57:39.375 --> 00:57:41.000
We have to raise our flag!

00:57:41.625 --> 00:57:44.208
In Spanish, sir!
In Spanish!

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We speak Spanish here!

00:58:46.500 --> 00:58:51.667
We finally attained victory,
in the union\'s joyous field.

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Glowing fires of glory,
illuminate a new nation.

00:59:00.542 --> 00:59:07.250
Glowing fires of glory,
illuminate a new nation.

00:59:24.250 --> 00:59:25.583
I want to send a message:

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If we must die, at least give us weapons
to fight the american enemy.

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Dear listeners, this is the call,
the panamanian\'s people cry out…

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asking for weapons
at this tragic moment..

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José didn\'t come back.

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Fucking \"gringos\"!

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Lots of wounded people are still passing
by in ambulances and police cars…

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heading towards Santo Tomás
Hospital, that is already full.

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Wounded people must be taken
to the Social Security Hospital.

00:59:57.500 --> 01:00:06.208
Streets are crowded all the way up, from
the PanAmerican Building to Central Avenue.

01:00:06.417 --> 01:00:14.458
There are also riots in the streets from
Casa Miller all the way up to the Casino.

01:00:14.875 --> 01:00:22.583
We can see all the events around Fifth of
May Square from this strategic location.

01:00:22.917 --> 01:00:28.292
And the Red Cross ambulances
continue going towards…

01:00:28.500 --> 01:00:32.500
the Santo Tomás Hospital
with the wounded.

01:00:32.625 --> 01:00:37.000
Panamanian people, they keep on firing.
Panamanian people, they keep on firing!

01:00:37.208 --> 01:00:42.500
They keep on firing heavily
while the crowd runs for shelter.

01:00:42.917 --> 01:00:45.917
There\'s still gunfire going on.

01:02:32.208 --> 01:02:34.792
Testing, one two three…
Testing, one two three…

01:02:39.625 --> 01:02:42.292
Testing, one two three…
Testing, one two three…

01:02:44.375 --> 01:02:47.792
- Good night, daddy.
- Good night, sweetheart. Sleep well.

01:02:48.250 --> 01:02:50.875
- Good night, mom.
- Good night, love.

01:02:55.167 --> 01:02:57.792
Testing, one two three…
Testing, one two three…

01:03:00.958 --> 01:03:04.542
Testing, a little further, one two three…
Testing, a little further, one…

01:03:04.583 --> 01:03:06.458
Come to eat, Silverio!

01:03:15.792 --> 01:03:18.375
Testing, one two three…
Testing, one two three…

01:03:21.542 --> 01:03:23.125
Testing a little further, one two three…

01:03:24.208 --> 01:03:25.125
What are you doing?

01:03:27.125 --> 01:03:28.250
It\'s a new job.

01:04:14.708 --> 01:04:17.833
- Good day, my commander.
- Don\'t look at me, just talk.

01:04:18.667 --> 01:04:20.000
Tell me.

01:04:20.333 --> 01:04:22.167
- Ok, my commander.
- I told you not to look at me!

01:04:24.083 --> 01:04:26.708
Ok, my commander.
I put a tape recorder in their car…

01:04:26.750 --> 01:04:29.083
Who the hell asked you for a tape recorder?

01:04:29.708 --> 01:04:31.042
That could be dangerous.

01:04:31.625 --> 01:04:33.792
If you get caught, I don\'t know you.

01:04:33.833 --> 01:04:35.542
Besides, I didn\'t ask you for that.

01:04:35.875 --> 01:04:39.500
I know you didn\'t,
but my country does…

01:05:02.958 --> 01:05:04.458
What about some ladies tonight?

01:05:04.708 --> 01:05:05.792
How do you say it in English?

01:05:11.500 --> 01:05:12.458
Disco!

01:05:25.000 --> 01:05:27.792
I\'ll teach how we
toast in Panama.

01:05:28.000 --> 01:05:29.292
All the way up!

01:05:29.875 --> 01:05:31.125
All the way down!

01:05:32.208 --> 01:05:33.625
To the center!

01:05:34.125 --> 01:05:35.667
And inside!

01:05:38.083 --> 01:05:40.042
Cheers for Panama!

01:06:29.417 --> 01:06:31.292
Daddy, are you a spy?

01:06:34.333 --> 01:06:35.625
Don\'t tell anybody.

01:06:53.000 --> 01:06:54.875
Hey, easy now, man!

01:06:56.167 --> 01:06:58.625
Be quiet.

01:07:04.125 --> 01:07:06.333
What\'s going on, commander?
Why the violence?

01:07:09.708 --> 01:07:12.208
Time is passing by, Silverio,
and you give me nothing.

01:07:13.667 --> 01:07:16.167
Are you playing both sides or what?

01:07:17.083 --> 01:07:19.250
Are you a patriot or not?

01:07:20.417 --> 01:07:21.542
True patriot, yes.

01:07:21.792 --> 01:07:23.542
Then we have an understanding.

01:07:27.167 --> 01:07:33.375
I need to know everything
that\'s said inside the car.

01:07:33.667 --> 01:07:35.042
Everything!

01:07:45.625 --> 01:07:47.333
Bob, from man to man…

01:07:48.333 --> 01:07:50.417
Are you really willing
to give the canal back?

01:07:51.125 --> 01:07:53.583
If I were the USA, I wouldn\'t

01:07:55.417 --> 01:07:57.375
I can\'t talk about my work,
do you understand?

01:07:57.417 --> 01:07:59.208
Ok, I understand.

01:07:59.875 --> 01:08:01.292
Just tell me \"yes\" or \"no\".

01:08:01.917 --> 01:08:03.375
I\'ll just tell you one thing:

01:08:03.792 --> 01:08:06.542
Colonialism is something
from the 19th Century.

01:08:06.583 --> 01:08:08.417
We are in the 20th Century now.

01:08:08.708 --> 01:08:12.417
We have very good reasons to be here.

01:08:13.042 --> 01:08:15.000
But then, you are going to give it back.

01:08:15.375 --> 01:08:17.250
I can\'t talk about that.

01:08:17.833 --> 01:08:21.917
But I can tell you this:
I\'m liking Panamanians a lot.

01:08:22.792 --> 01:08:24.958
And look at James…
He seems to be liking them too.

01:08:26.417 --> 01:08:27.792
Do you know who James is?

01:08:28.458 --> 01:08:31.542
He is really close to the president.

01:08:51.417 --> 01:08:52.292
Silverio.

01:08:52.792 --> 01:08:53.625
Who\'s there?

01:08:54.292 --> 01:08:56.333
Are you dumb or what?
Your commander.

01:08:57.792 --> 01:08:59.458
Get into the box next to me.

01:09:08.125 --> 01:09:09.500
How is it going?

01:09:10.583 --> 01:09:13.042
- Hey, in Spanish.
- Everything\'s fine, my commander.

01:09:13.583 --> 01:09:17.167
They are trusting me more.
I\'m asking them key questions.

01:09:17.542 --> 01:09:21.083
- Everything is in the recorder.
- What recorder? That doesn\'t exist.

01:09:22.208 --> 01:09:23.792
You have to watch behind your back.

01:09:24.542 --> 01:09:26.708
I\'m recording and writing everything down.

01:09:27.250 --> 01:09:29.833
They\'re speaking in code,
but I\'m decoding it.

01:09:30.542 --> 01:09:32.958
Silverio, open you eyes,
don\'t be so naive.

01:09:33.125 --> 01:09:35.042
Otherwise you\'ll end
up like Chino Benitez…

01:09:35.375 --> 01:09:38.417
found dead in his underwear,
inside his own house.

01:09:39.792 --> 01:09:43.042
- Who\'s Chino Benitez?
- It doesn\'t matter who he is.

01:09:43.333 --> 01:09:48.083
Who killed him is what matters.
The CIA, KGB, MOSSAD, a jealous husband.

01:09:48.625 --> 01:09:51.458
Everybody wants to kill you.
And they can.

01:09:51.917 --> 01:09:53.917
Remember this is the cold war.

01:09:54.667 --> 01:09:55.958
Those \'gringos\' are not your friends.

01:09:59.292 --> 01:10:00.542
They\'re nobody\'s friends.

01:11:14.208 --> 01:11:17.167
- You scared me, Silverio!
- YOU scared me!

01:11:17.542 --> 01:11:20.250
- The front door was open.
- Of course it\'s open!

01:11:20.250 --> 01:11:22.917
I\'m beggin\' you for
two weeks now to fix it!

01:11:23.125 --> 01:11:24.500
Ana, there was somebody here.

01:11:24.833 --> 01:11:28.250
Silverio, please go to sleep, ok?
Go to sleep.

01:11:54.875 --> 01:11:57.917
Silverio?
That\'s your name, right?

01:11:58.250 --> 01:11:59.167
Yes.

01:12:00.708 --> 01:12:01.792
You know, Silverio…

01:12:02.792 --> 01:12:05.792
History, the real one…

01:12:06.708 --> 01:12:09.917
is something that happens
after the events took place.

01:12:11.333 --> 01:12:13.792
- Do you understand?
- Sort of…

01:12:14.083 --> 01:12:20.333
Don\'t you ever think that your
assignments are not important.

01:12:21.958 --> 01:12:25.542
Important men,
the ones that write history,

01:12:26.458 --> 01:12:29.833
don\'t even realize they\'re writing it.

01:13:00.833 --> 01:13:03.500
Daddy, I\'m going to be late for school.

01:13:03.708 --> 01:13:06.000
Mili, I can do it faster if you help me.

01:13:06.167 --> 01:13:08.917
But mom will find out and punish me.

01:13:09.583 --> 01:13:11.792
There\'s no reason for Mom to find out.

01:13:31.500 --> 01:13:38.208
He\'s saying something about a
strategy, the world and the bases.

01:13:45.792 --> 01:13:50.958
If the pitcher could throw a decent
curveball, then his team would win.

01:13:51.208 --> 01:13:54.667
They\'re using baseball
as a code or strategy.

01:14:24.958 --> 01:14:28.417
James says that he doesn\'t like
many people but he likes you.

01:14:29.792 --> 01:14:31.083
Thank you, Sir, thank you.

01:14:31.208 --> 01:14:33.375
You\'re a friend and a good man, Silver.

01:14:46.667 --> 01:14:47.667
Ok, ready?

01:14:56.917 --> 01:14:58.542
Don\'t look back and drive.

01:15:12.458 --> 01:15:13.750
Stop right here.

01:15:25.583 --> 01:15:26.875
Turn it off.

01:15:33.042 --> 01:15:34.167
Report yourself.

01:15:41.958 --> 01:15:43.333
And this?

01:15:49.833 --> 01:15:53.292
\"Palm trees are full of coconuts.\"

01:15:54.875 --> 01:15:57.000
\"Bases are full.\"

01:15:57.667 --> 01:16:01.083
\"The problem in Panama is not
the heat but the humidity.\"

01:16:01.125 --> 01:16:03.250
They\'re talking code.

01:16:03.250 --> 01:16:06.458
When talking about baseball bases, they\'re
actually talking about military ones.

01:16:06.500 --> 01:16:09.458
When they talk about a \'ripe mango\',
it\'s actually the General.

01:16:09.625 --> 01:16:13.292
\'Coconuts\' are actually weapons and bombs.

01:16:13.500 --> 01:16:16.708
So if the ripe mango rottens…

01:16:16.708 --> 01:16:20.083
coconuts will fall over
people\'s heads and kill them.

01:16:20.292 --> 01:16:23.333
They\'re going to give
us the Canal, but…

01:16:23.750 --> 01:16:29.000
if we don\'t do it right, the \'gringos\' are
going to come back and take it away again.

01:16:29.042 --> 01:16:32.208
Very good, Silverio.
You\'ve done a great job for the country.

01:16:33.500 --> 01:16:36.958
Important men,
essential people like you.

01:16:38.708 --> 01:16:42.833
Those who write history, don\'t even
realize that they are writing history.

01:16:42.958 --> 01:16:46.875
- That is exactly what the General told me.
- What?

01:16:47.375 --> 01:16:51.125
Yes. The general was in my car
last night, and he spoke to me.

01:17:48.208 --> 01:17:50.542
Dear President Carter…

01:17:50.958 --> 01:17:56.417
There are two kinds of truths,
the logic truth and the pleasant truth.

01:17:57.167 --> 01:17:59.708
On behalf of logical truth
I would like to say…

01:18:00.500 --> 01:18:04.375
that this treaty we\'re about to sign soon,

01:18:05.083 --> 01:18:07.792
which repeals a treaty that
no panamanian signed,

01:18:08.042 --> 01:18:10.833
does not have a full
consent in our country.

01:18:11.417 --> 01:18:12.083
This treaty…

01:18:12.250 --> 01:18:12.958
Are you watching that?

01:18:14.458 --> 01:18:17.500
You should know that it was
posible because of your father…

01:18:17.792 --> 01:18:19.208
and because of you too.

01:18:19.333 --> 01:18:22.458
… it can turn into an everlasting
instrument of intervention

01:18:22.583 --> 01:18:23.833
Really short.

01:19:07.792 --> 01:19:12.375
PANAMA CANAL
EXPANSION

01:19:09.500 --> 01:19:11.250
Daniel…

01:19:11.417 --> 01:19:13.500
Sorry about taken
you out from the beach.

01:19:13.500 --> 01:19:15.500
No problem.
Tell me what we have here

01:19:15.542 --> 01:19:18.125
I think it\'s important that you can
see this before they take it away.

01:19:18.417 --> 01:19:20.833
And I also think you\'ll have
to pay me a little more for this.

01:19:21.042 --> 01:19:24.792
If you wanted money, you should
be in construction, not science.

01:19:25.208 --> 01:19:28.042
If this is another dead cow, you\'re fired.

01:19:29.667 --> 01:19:31.208
So?

01:19:31.333 --> 01:19:34.000
What about a complete homo sapiens?

01:22:49.500 --> 01:22:51.500
Yes, I speak Spanish.

01:22:57.625 --> 01:22:59.625
Hi, how do you do?
Welcome.

01:23:02.958 --> 01:23:04.958
Welcome.

01:23:13.833 --> 01:23:15.833
- Hello, welcome.
- Thanks.

01:23:31.750 --> 01:23:36.875
All I knew is that my great
grandmother\'s name was Clarice…

01:23:37.750 --> 01:23:40.250
and my great grandfather\'s Philip.

01:23:40.583 --> 01:23:43.792
Didn\'t you have any contact
with your family in Colón?

01:23:44.542 --> 01:23:48.625
I didn\'t even know if any
of them were still alive.

01:23:49.333 --> 01:23:53.958
Ok. I tried to talk to them,
but they weren\'t very responsive.

01:23:53.958 --> 01:23:55.708
That\'s why I called you.

01:26:04.500 --> 01:26:06.500
Hello?

01:26:08.708 --> 01:26:09.875
Hello?

01:26:09.958 --> 01:26:11.958
Grandma, there\'s someone at the door!

01:26:17.833 --> 01:26:22.208
Hi. I\'m Clarice.
I\'m Mary\'s daugther.

01:26:24.667 --> 01:26:26.667
Jezenia!

01:26:28.500 --> 01:26:30.500
- Jezenia!
- I\'m coming!

01:26:35.500 --> 01:26:37.500
- May I play with your bracelets?
- Yes.

01:26:38.542 --> 01:26:42.250
Is it true that you live in
USA and have a lot of money?

01:26:42.292 --> 01:26:44.792
If you continue being so rude,

01:26:44.958 --> 01:26:47.375
you\'re not getting the pudding
that I cooked for you, ok?

01:26:48.208 --> 01:26:50.208
Come, sit here.

01:26:50.250 --> 01:26:51.375
Orosman, leave the cell phone!

01:26:51.417 --> 01:26:54.417
Turn the volume down and
get Grandpa. Dinner is ready.

01:27:08.583 --> 01:27:10.458
Would you like to say grace?

01:27:11.375 --> 01:27:14.833
I\'m not… religious.

01:27:17.125 --> 01:27:18.542
I\'ll do it, Grandma.

01:27:19.708 --> 01:27:25.083
Bless, oh Lord, this food,
our family, and…

01:27:26.417 --> 01:27:28.208
What\'s your relationship with me?

01:27:28.292 --> 01:27:30.292
I\'m your… aunt?

01:27:30.542 --> 01:27:32.542
…and also bless my
wealthy \"gringa\" aunt. Amen.

01:27:42.208 --> 01:27:44.375
Thank you.

01:27:52.917 --> 01:27:54.917
Excuse me.

01:27:55.042 --> 01:27:58.167
Is my presence here
upsetting you that much?

01:28:01.083 --> 01:28:03.083
I\'m sorry, dear.

01:28:04.500 --> 01:28:06.500
You surprised me and I felt uneasy.

01:28:08.917 --> 01:28:10.917
You look so much like her.

01:28:13.208 --> 01:28:15.208
Suddenly lots of memories came back.

01:28:16.292 --> 01:28:18.542
We were never able to come
to terms with your mother.

01:28:19.583 --> 01:28:25.000
It was very hard for us that she
married a white american…

01:28:26.042 --> 01:28:28.208
also a soldier…

01:28:29.000 --> 01:28:30.750
Then she left.

01:28:32.250 --> 01:28:34.250
She broke Grandma Clarice\'s heart.

01:28:37.042 --> 01:28:39.042
She raised us.

01:28:40.833 --> 01:28:44.125
- I never knew that.
- I can imagine.

01:28:49.125 --> 01:28:53.083
I wish I had seen your
mother before she died.

01:28:55.208 --> 01:28:59.833
You don\'t know how much
she cried when Grandma died…

01:29:00.667 --> 01:29:06.292
and how many times she cried
out your name before she dying.

01:29:24.542 --> 01:29:26.208
Sweetheart…

01:29:26.250 --> 01:29:31.375
Your mother left and we
never heard from her again

01:29:37.292 --> 01:29:40.583
She thought about all of
you until her last day.

01:29:45.542 --> 01:29:47.542
Me too…

01:29:47.667 --> 01:29:49.667
Me too.

01:30:00.708 --> 01:30:02.708
Grandma used to write it all.

01:30:03.708 --> 01:30:06.875
She said she wrote so she
wouldn\'t be written by others.

01:30:09.833 --> 01:30:14.417
She was the only one
that could tell her story.

01:32:57.875 --> 01:32:59.875
This place…

01:33:00.042 --> 01:33:01.833
The Culebra Cut…

01:33:01.917 --> 01:33:05.542
has taken more than
25,000 brothers from us.

01:33:06.375 --> 01:33:08.875
It\'s for them that we\'re
gathered here together this morning.

01:33:09.625 --> 01:33:12.750
Brothers and sisters from Jamaica…

01:33:13.000 --> 01:33:18.375
Barbados,
Trinidad and Tobago, Martinique.

01:33:18.750 --> 01:33:23.833
To show them our respect and gratitude.

01:33:25.125 --> 01:33:31.125
Our people broke up the mountain
range in order to build the canal.

01:33:31.542 --> 01:33:35.750
They fought against nature
with their bare hands.

01:33:36.042 --> 01:33:41.042
And even if the toughest
rock or the hardest work…

01:33:41.083 --> 01:33:45.458
was in their way,
nothing stopped them.

01:33:45.833 --> 01:33:50.583
Whoever wants to show
respect to their ancestors…

01:33:51.125 --> 01:33:54.333
Please come on up to the microphone.

01:33:58.250 --> 01:34:00.250
Harry Gale.

01:34:02.333 --> 01:34:04.333
Samuel Mckindo

01:34:07.958 --> 01:34:09.958
Joseph Cumberbach.

01:34:11.458 --> 01:34:13.458
Gwendolyn Redway.

01:34:16.292 --> 01:34:18.292
Nehemiah Douglas

01:34:20.458 --> 01:34:22.458
Charles Roses

01:34:25.000 --> 01:34:27.000
Joseph Latko

01:34:33.833 --> 01:34:35.833
Clarice Thompson.

01:34:36.917 --> 01:34:38.917
Philip Clay.

01:34:40.750 --> 01:34:42.750
Mary Jones.

01:36:53.625 --> 01:36:57.458
Around 75,000 people worked on the
construction of the Canal.

01:36:57.458 --> 01:36:59.917
While most of them
came from the West Indies,

01:36:59.917 --> 01:37:03.125
there was also a number of
Europeans and Americans.

01:37:03.125 --> 01:37:07.167
More than 27,000 died
from malaria, yellow fever,

01:37:07.167 --> 01:37:10.375
landslides, explosions
and poor living conditions.

01:37:13.708 --> 01:37:17.208
At the height of the USA presence
about 65,000 people

01:37:17.208 --> 01:37:19.000
were based in the country.

01:37:19.000 --> 01:37:22.208
Most of them lived in the Canal Zone
under privileged conditions.

01:37:22.208 --> 01:37:25.417
After the USA withdrawal,
those who left still miss

01:37:25.417 --> 01:37:27.458
their \'lost paradise\'.

01:37:30.417 --> 01:37:33.833
During the events of January 9th,
24 Panamanians died.

01:37:33.833 --> 01:37:37.042
Due to this unjustified aggression,
the government of Panama

01:37:37.042 --> 01:37:39.542
broke diplomatic relations
with the USA.

01:37:39.542 --> 01:37:42.750
It was the first time
a Latin American country

01:37:42.750 --> 01:37:45.125
took a measure of this kind.

01:37:50.542 --> 01:37:53.333
After the signing of the
\'Torrijos-Carter\' treaties,

01:37:53.333 --> 01:37:56.125
the Canal and its surrounding areas

01:37:56.125 --> 01:37:58.917
were gradually transferred
to Panama.

01:37:58.917 --> 01:38:01.708
Sovereignty over
the entire territory

01:38:01.708 --> 01:38:04.917
was achieved
on December 31st, 1999.

01:38:10.958 --> 01:38:13.875
Thousands of lives,
most of them anonymous,

01:38:13.875 --> 01:38:17.000
made possible the construction
and preservation of the Canal.

01:38:17.000 --> 01:38:19.708
Today, according
to the constitution,

01:38:19.708 --> 01:38:21.917
the Canal is a patrimony
of the nation,

01:38:21.917 --> 01:38:24.708
which can not be sold,
assigned, mortgaged,

01:38:24.708 --> 01:38:27.500
nor graved or transferred
in any way.

01:38:32.208 --> 01:38:36.917
PANAMA CANAL
STORIES