WEBVTT

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Bradshaw: Five years to go

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before the Millennium
Development Goals

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set by world leaders
are supposed to be met.

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Now, we\'ve had reports
and we\'ve had surveys,

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but what\'s the view
from the streets,

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from the people
who live on the edge?

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In this case,
on the edge of a continent.

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[dramatic music]

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We\'re at the edge
of the Namib Desert

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on Africa\'s southwest coast,

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a world of drought,
danger, shipwreck,

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but also fish.

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Luderitz Harbor, an old port
rebuilt for fishing boats.

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The industry is one of the
pillars of Namibia\'s economy.

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It\'s a man\'s world.

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Almost eight out of ten
fishery workers are men.

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Women, normally allowed
on these great Atlantic trawlers

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only as visitors,

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may be taking a turn
at the wheel.

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Johanna Kwedhi
is going aboard the Kanus,

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one of the fleet\'s
largest vessels,

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except Johanna is not coming
on board as a guest.

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Johanna is Namibia\'s
first female trawler skipper.

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[pleasant upbeat music]

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? ?

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- As a captain, I normally work
on standby for 24 hours.

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I wake up about 6:00.

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We are having six-hour shifts.

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At the bridge, we are threeÑ

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me as the captain,

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a chief mate,
and the second mate.

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Bradshaw: Men are not used
to a woman at the wheel.

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Women don\'t normally
chart the course,

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literally or metaphorically,

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or give orders,
however pleasantly.

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- Now we are approaching
to the fishing grounds.

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Bradshaw: And the crew knows
their lives are in her hands.

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- I\'ve been working
with Miss Johanna Kwedhi

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as my captain for two years.

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She is the one
who gives an order,

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what has to be done for the day,
everything like that.

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So everythingÑthe orders
came from himÑI mean from her.

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Bradshaw:
Johanna trained

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with the Namibian Maritime
Fisheries Institute.

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She got to be a skipper

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eight years after serving
as an officer and chief mate

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under a Spanish captain.

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Her company now has four more
women coming through the ranks.

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- My responsibility
is to command.

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Since I have 23 crew members
on board,

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they are all under my authority.

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Some of the people, they have
this mentality of saying,

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\"I can\'t be told to do this
by a woman.\"

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Since a man is a pillar
or a head of the house,

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it\'s not working anymore.

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It\'s not working anymore.

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- [speaking native language]

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- I have many years
of experience at sea.

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This is a man\'s world.

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Since the beginning,
it\'s been a man\'s world.

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If your leadership
is not appropriate for the crew,

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you will not earn their respect.

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- My shipmates
on board the vessel,

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they are wonderful.

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Where do I go?
Where do I go?

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- [speaking indistinctly]

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- Each and everybody
has his duty,

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and we have procedures
whereby we have to follow,

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and if we don\'t,

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then we will see
what we have to do with that.

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Bradshaw:
For the older fishermen,

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it\'s a novelty to have

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an educated black Namibian
as skipper.

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- We have never seen a black
person in charge of a ship.

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It\'s always been
a Spanish person.

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Now that black people
are here in command,

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we are very proud.

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Since we do not know
the foreign languages,

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they can now communicate
on our behalf.

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Today I can just ask Johanna
for anything.

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Bradshaw: A ship
is like a world of its own.

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Here it\'s easy to think that,
as a Namibian woman,

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Johanna\'s cracked it
as an equal and as a leader.

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But her working life is
on the edge of a vast continent,

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and she\'s about to be reminded

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that life on land
can be very different.

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Back in the harbor,
Johanna brings in the catch.

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She knows she has to make every
day at sea a profitable one.

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[upbeat African music]

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? ?

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She\'s employed
by a big Spanish company.

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Fishing at sea
is risky and dangerous.

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- Hola, Carlos.

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Bradshaw: It\'s also
a capital-intensive business.

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- Buh-bye.
- Ciao, adios.

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- Good-day, Captain.
How are you?

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Bradshaw:
For the company,

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having a female captain
is not an exercise

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in filling quotas.

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Johanna is responsible for
the return on a huge investment.

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- That is very good.

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And the quality is much better.

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Thank you very much.

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- That\'s my pleasure.

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- I hope you enjoy your time off
on the land.

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Bradshaw: Back on land, Johanna
is like any other woman...

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at least one with a paid job.

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But she\'s not only shopping
for herself.

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She\'s taking care
of her small family.

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[Johanna laughing]

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- I have a young boy
of 14 months.

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He\'s lovely.

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And he\'s a strong boy,

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because we are out at sea
from 7 days up to 15 days,

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so it\'s quite long
for a young boy.

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I met Innocent\'s father on land,
although we are working at sea.

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We didn\'t get an opportunity
to work in the same vessel

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because we have the same rank.

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This is my cousin, Aguste.

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So she\'s taking care of my boy
when I am out at sea.

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Bradshaw: And she\'s out at sea
for 336 days of the year.

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Johanna is fortunate.

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Her relatives are happy
to take care of her son

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while she\'s at sea.

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[laughter]

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But not being fully in charge
while on land

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still takes
some getting used to.

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The attention which I get
at sea,

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it\'s more than
what I get on shore,

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because they pass by:

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\"Hi, hi, Miss Johanna.\"

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But here on shore when I say hi,
it\'s just hi.

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Because some people,
they used to come here,

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found me with my cousin, say:

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When they come to me, say:

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[giggling]

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But I don\'t blame them at all.

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I just take it as,
life is beautiful, yeah.

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Bradshaw: But how beautiful
for other women back on land?

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Namibia signed up to the
Millennium Development Goals,

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the MDGs,

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which aim to cut poverty by half
by 2015.

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The goals include
specific targets for women

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on education, reproductive
health, and equality.

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Johanna\'s an example
of targets fulfilled,

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but going back home, how about
her friends and her relatives?

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- And my Bible.

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Bradshaw:
As she prepares for her trip,

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she takes solace
in her belief in God.

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- I am preparing
just for tomorrow morning,

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because I\'m leaving with my son,

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so I\'m trying to put everything
in order.

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So this is the book
which keeps me going.

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I can\'t survive without them.

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I can survive
without other things on Earth,

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But this one,
while I\'m on Earth,

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I\'m living with this one.

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[speaking foreign language]

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I\'m going to my auntie
just to say, you know,

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we are leaving tomorrow morning
with my son,

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because I\'m now on leave.

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So I have to say good-bye

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so she can give me some
blessings, you see.

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[laughs]

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Bradshaw:
En route to her aunt,

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Johanna\'s reminded
of her humble beginnings,

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when she first came
to Luderitz.

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Most people flock
to this coastal town

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in search of job opportunities.

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Once here, they\'re forced
to live in shantytowns

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with no running water
or electricity

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and no proper toilets,

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at least until they can make
a better life for themselves.

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[woman shouting joyfully]

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- This is the place
where I stayed

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for six years
when I came to Luderitz.

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For the six years,
I stayed in this house,

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where there\'s no electricity,

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there\'s no bathroom,
there\'s no toilet.

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We used to go to the mountains.

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With peace of mind,
I was just happy with this.

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And people, they said, \"Wow,

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an officer staying
in the shantytown?\"

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I say, \"No, to be there
with peace of mind,

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that makes me healthy,
and life goes on like that.\"

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- [speaking native language]

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- God will protect your paths.

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He will even all your paths

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and make ways
wherever you may go.

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Bradshaw:
Johanna\'s aunt Ester

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has always helped Johanna
with her Bible studies.

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Ester still compares conditions

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with the days
before independence

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and the times
when the movement of women

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was severely restricted.

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- In the past, women were
not allowed to go down south.

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We only stayed in the north.

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We have now the rights
to do work just as men do.

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If, as a woman,
I feel strong enough

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to go work at sea,

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then I should be allowed
to work at sea.

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I am really very proud
of my niece working at sea,

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because many people
are afraid of the sea.

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- We\'ve never seen
a woman at sea.

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We\'re just told that if you work
at sea, you\'ll go crazy.

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But this is all just a lie.

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[laughing]

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Bradshaw: But Johanna\'s a child
of the villages,

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not the shantytowns,

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and her journey home
is 1,500 kilometers.

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[horn blaring]

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Johanna, Namibia\'s
first trawler captain,

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is going home after being away
for more than nine months.

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It\'s a long journey
in this contrasting, harsh,

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yet beautiful land,

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a country three times the size
of Great Britain.

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More than 70% of Namibians
are subsistence farmers

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and live close to the land,

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including Johanna\'s parents.

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- Since last year in September,
I have not been home.

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But now we are home.

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We are back home with my boy.

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[woman shouting gleefully]

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Bradshaw: Johanna was raised
by her grandmother,

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who still has a big influence
on her.

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- Oh, this is my grandmother
on my mother\'s side, so...

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[speaking foreign language]

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Bradshaw: Here we learned
Johanna had a twin brother

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who died at birth.

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Her parents
feared for her life too,

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so they brought her
to her grandmother\'s.

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- She told me my mom brought me
here when I was young.

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So she\'s the one
who took care of me.

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Then she teach me many things,
traditional things.

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I was the only lady
in the house.

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There was no boy.

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In Oshiwambo they say:

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So my granny says, no,
I just have to try.

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Then I just used
to chop the wood on my own

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and look after the cattle
after school.

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All of those things
I have learned from Granny.

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[women speaking
foreign language]

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Bradshaw: 43% of Namibia\'s
unemployed

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are considered homemakers,

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and 70% of homemakers are women.

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Most women remain trapped
in the rural poverty cycle.

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But women like Johanna
are quietly breaking the mold

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and helping
her family back home.

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[laughter]

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- You mean this little one.

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She came here
when she was very small,

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from her mother\'s breast.

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They brought her here,
and I raised her into an adult.

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Now, like they say,

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a chick also needs to learn
how to fend for its mother.

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Now she is taking care of me.

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- She teach me to be strong.

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She said, \"I have my house
and I take care of you,

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so if you go there,
you have to work very hard.\"

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See, and I\'m very happy.

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I am just who I am
because of my grandma.

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I\'m happy for her.

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Bradshaw: The fireplace
is special in every family.

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It\'s round here
that stories are told.

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For Johanna,
it\'s time to remember childbirth

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and becoming a mom.

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- They say giving birth is not
as easy as passing wind.

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A foul smell can be blown away.

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Being a mother
is a huge responsibility.

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A child does not just appear
and then disappear.

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If you don\'t prepare for it,

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you just attract problems
for yourself.

00:17:38.033 --> 00:17:40.534
The big challenge
in this country

00:17:40.567 --> 00:17:43.100
is for the young people.

00:17:43.133 --> 00:17:47.567
It\'s the failed pregnancy
in the early age.

00:17:47.601 --> 00:17:51.000
So they say,
\"No, just try abortion.\"

00:17:51.033 --> 00:17:57.234
Without education,
then your life, it\'s behind.

00:17:57.267 --> 00:18:00.133
It\'s meaningless.

00:18:06.767 --> 00:18:10.868
When it was time for me
to deliver my Innocent,

00:18:10.901 --> 00:18:14.067
it was quite complicated...

00:18:17.501 --> 00:18:22.067
Because when I experienced
labor pain,

00:18:22.100 --> 00:18:24.400
I went to my doctor
and she said,

00:18:24.434 --> 00:18:27.534
\"No, I think you need
an operation.\"

00:18:27.567 --> 00:18:31.400
So she referred me to Windhoek,

00:18:31.434 --> 00:18:33.467
because here in Luderitz

00:18:33.501 --> 00:18:37.334
the hospital, it doesn\'t have
enough equipment.

00:18:40.968 --> 00:18:43.501
Bradshaw:
Johanna was born at home.

00:18:43.534 --> 00:18:46.434
But her mother developed
complications during birth

00:18:46.467 --> 00:18:50.200
and had to be brought to
Onandjokwe, the local hospital.

00:18:50.234 --> 00:18:51.934
Many aren\'t so lucky.

00:18:51.968 --> 00:18:54.234
Maternal mortality has proved
one of the hardest

00:18:54.267 --> 00:18:57.033
Millennium Development Goals
for Namibia to meet.

00:18:57.067 --> 00:18:58.701
A recent report suggests

00:18:58.734 --> 00:19:01.801
maternal deaths
actually increased.

00:19:01.834 --> 00:19:03.968
That may be because of HIV,

00:19:04.000 --> 00:19:06.501
but many poor women
still have problems

00:19:06.534 --> 00:19:10.334
accessing medical care
during pregnancy and childbirth,

00:19:10.367 --> 00:19:15.000
and the newborn death rate
is still 1 in 50.

00:19:15.033 --> 00:19:20.601
- Here in Namibia,
the death rate of small children

00:19:20.634 --> 00:19:25.133
is caused because young people,
during their pregnancy,

00:19:25.167 --> 00:19:26.734
they don\'t understand.

00:19:26.767 --> 00:19:29.367
They don\'t go to their clinic.

00:19:29.400 --> 00:19:31.801
Some of them don\'t know
the importance

00:19:31.834 --> 00:19:36.434
of going to their clinic
during their pregnancy.

00:19:36.467 --> 00:19:40.934
Some,
the have financial problem,

00:19:40.968 --> 00:19:45.434
and the hospital,
it\'s very far.

00:19:45.467 --> 00:19:47.133
And some, they just ignore.

00:19:47.167 --> 00:19:50.100
They say, \"No, what for?

00:19:50.133 --> 00:19:53.601
\"I can even deliver at home.

00:19:53.634 --> 00:19:58.534
\"My mom and my grandmother,
they just delivered here,

00:19:58.567 --> 00:20:01.334
and I can\'t just waste
my money there.\"

00:20:01.367 --> 00:20:05.734
Because they are not working,
and they did not plan for that.

00:20:11.400 --> 00:20:13.300
Bradshaw:
Johanna is taking Innocent

00:20:13.334 --> 00:20:15.734
to see his grandparents.

00:20:15.767 --> 00:20:18.567
Johanna\'s parents
are not quite retirement age.

00:20:18.601 --> 00:20:21.501
Her father still works
in Walvis Bay as a driver,

00:20:21.534 --> 00:20:24.100
while her mother takes care
of the home in the village.

00:20:24.133 --> 00:20:29.734
- At a tender age,
I just found myself being closer

00:20:29.767 --> 00:20:32.534
to my father than my mom.

00:20:32.567 --> 00:20:38.868
So I can tell him everything,
but to my mom, I can\'t.

00:20:38.901 --> 00:20:42.467
- She told me that she is
the only female on the vessel,

00:20:42.501 --> 00:20:43.734
working with men.

00:20:43.767 --> 00:20:45.300
It is new to us.

00:20:45.334 --> 00:20:47.267
I think it is a good thing.

00:20:47.300 --> 00:20:51.667
Here in Namibia, we only knew
of Angolans working at sea.

00:20:51.701 --> 00:20:55.234
Now more Namibians are starting
to work at sea.

00:20:55.267 --> 00:20:58.267
[laughter]

00:21:00.801 --> 00:21:05.367
- This one is my one and only
brother I have in life.

00:21:05.400 --> 00:21:08.200
So his name is Hosea Kwedhi.

00:21:08.234 --> 00:21:11.000
So he is my elder brother.

00:21:11.033 --> 00:21:13.801
Bradshaw: The neighbors come out
to greet Johanna.

00:21:13.834 --> 00:21:18.434
So does one of her
former teachers.

00:21:18.467 --> 00:21:22.634
- I met Johanna just when
she completed her grade seven

00:21:22.667 --> 00:21:24.701
at our school.

00:21:24.734 --> 00:21:27.701
We also happen
to be neighbors too.

00:21:27.734 --> 00:21:29.534
She was a hard-working student,

00:21:29.567 --> 00:21:34.601
and that\'s why she has managed
to achieve so much.

00:21:34.634 --> 00:21:36.868
[bell ringing]

00:21:36.901 --> 00:21:39.367
Bradshaw: Johanna used
to walk 14 kilometers

00:21:39.400 --> 00:21:40.968
to Onyeka school.

00:21:44.267 --> 00:21:47.834
She learns there are now more
girls enrolling than boys.

00:21:50.300 --> 00:21:54.501
And there are also more girls
completing secondary education.

00:21:54.534 --> 00:21:56.934
- Johanna Kwedhi.

00:21:56.968 --> 00:21:59.100
How can I help you?

00:21:59.133 --> 00:22:02.434
- So there are more boys
than girls at this school.

00:22:02.467 --> 00:22:06.634
Who between the two are more
serious with their school?

00:22:06.667 --> 00:22:07.934
- The girls are more serious.

00:22:07.968 --> 00:22:10.801
Even though they are fewer
at this school,

00:22:10.834 --> 00:22:13.300
they are very serious.

00:22:13.334 --> 00:22:15.167
The boys are so-so.

00:22:15.200 --> 00:22:16.434
- How do you mean?

00:22:16.467 --> 00:22:19.634
The boys just all want
cell phones?

00:22:19.667 --> 00:22:24.601
- This area within the Oshana
region is much more rural,

00:22:24.634 --> 00:22:26.701
and people here
are concentrating

00:22:26.734 --> 00:22:28.100
more on their cattle,

00:22:28.133 --> 00:22:31.434
so the boys are taking care
of the cattle.

00:22:31.467 --> 00:22:33.667
The boys are not so serious.

00:22:37.434 --> 00:22:41.968
Bradshaw:
School enrollment is critical,

00:22:42.000 --> 00:22:46.667
but the lesson from the captain
is you have to finish too.

00:22:46.701 --> 00:22:48.834
- She is the first
female captain.

00:22:48.868 --> 00:22:50.868
Do you know boats?

00:22:50.901 --> 00:22:52.534
This was our student.

00:22:52.567 --> 00:22:53.834
What\'s the name again?

00:22:53.868 --> 00:22:55.000
- Johanna Kwedhi.

00:22:55.033 --> 00:22:57.400
- Johanna Kwedhi.

00:22:57.434 --> 00:22:59.701
Bradshaw: Most girls here
will most likely end up

00:22:59.734 --> 00:23:01.400
as teachers and nurses.

00:23:01.434 --> 00:23:04.868
Most boys will probably remain
at the cattle post,

00:23:04.901 --> 00:23:07.634
taking care
of the family\'s animals.

00:23:07.667 --> 00:23:11.300
- Who knows me here?

00:23:11.334 --> 00:23:13.501
A show of hands.

00:23:13.534 --> 00:23:17.734
Bradshaw: For girls and boys,
Johanna\'s a role model.

00:23:17.767 --> 00:23:19.734
- When steering the boat,

00:23:19.767 --> 00:23:22.067
aren\'t you afraid
to make a mistake

00:23:22.100 --> 00:23:25.200
and then water
might get inside it?

00:23:25.234 --> 00:23:28.601
- Perhaps if you have a crash
with another boat.

00:23:28.634 --> 00:23:30.200
- When steering a boat,

00:23:30.234 --> 00:23:32.567
does your boat have
rearview mirrors like in a car

00:23:32.601 --> 00:23:35.767
to help you look in front
and at the back?

00:23:35.801 --> 00:23:36.767
- No.

00:23:36.801 --> 00:23:39.133
A boat has no rearview mirrors.

00:23:39.167 --> 00:23:41.901
The bridge has windows
on each sides

00:23:41.934 --> 00:23:43.634
to make the view easier,

00:23:43.667 --> 00:23:45.467
also windows at the back.

00:23:45.501 --> 00:23:49.434
It is big,
just like this room.

00:23:49.467 --> 00:23:51.634
Bradshaw: Johanna\'s stories
are a reminder

00:23:51.667 --> 00:23:54.267
of the value of education.

00:23:54.300 --> 00:23:57.801
But academic qualification
is still no substitute

00:23:57.834 --> 00:23:59.934
for seeing the world.

00:24:01.067 --> 00:24:02.767
- [speaking native language]

00:24:02.801 --> 00:24:06.033
- I teach geography
very, very well.

00:24:06.067 --> 00:24:10.200
But honestly speaking,
I have never seen the sea.

00:24:10.234 --> 00:24:13.534
I am teaching about neap tide
and high tide

00:24:13.567 --> 00:24:15.734
but have never seen the sea.

00:24:15.767 --> 00:24:19.667
This is like a dream.

00:24:19.701 --> 00:24:22.434
Bradshaw: Coming home
has shown Johanna the problems

00:24:22.467 --> 00:24:25.000
that still confront other women,

00:24:25.033 --> 00:24:29.033
even if her story proves
they can be overcome.

00:24:31.467 --> 00:24:33.100
On her way back to Luderitz,

00:24:33.133 --> 00:24:35.234
Johanna is asked
to help her company

00:24:35.267 --> 00:24:38.501
open a cold storage depot
in Walvis Bay,

00:24:38.534 --> 00:24:42.367
Namibia\'s biggest harbor.

00:24:42.400 --> 00:24:45.634
It\'s her first chance to meet
Namibia\'s first captain

00:24:45.667 --> 00:24:48.701
of the ship of state

00:24:48.734 --> 00:24:53.767
Sam Nujoma,
in charge at independence.

00:24:53.801 --> 00:24:57.601
- You see, if we have more women
participating in the economy,

00:24:57.634 --> 00:25:00.334
the economy
will grow faster also,

00:25:00.367 --> 00:25:02.834
because women don\'t go
to kambashu.

00:25:02.868 --> 00:25:06.434
[laughter]

00:25:06.467 --> 00:25:09.534
Bradshaw:
That\'s slang for bars.

00:25:12.200 --> 00:25:17.267
- Before I conclude my remarks,

00:25:17.300 --> 00:25:22.501
I would like to invite
the female captain

00:25:22.534 --> 00:25:24.634
for everybody to see.

00:25:24.667 --> 00:25:27.667
[applause]

00:25:30.234 --> 00:25:35.667
- When the founding president
called me to go in front,

00:25:35.701 --> 00:25:39.801
I felt shocked a bit, you know?

00:25:39.834 --> 00:25:44.868
And later I said
\"No, let\'s just go there.\"

00:25:44.901 --> 00:25:46.901
I was very happy.

00:25:46.934 --> 00:25:49.634
I was very much happy.

00:25:52.934 --> 00:25:56.267
Bradshaw: Johanna\'s time
on land has ended.

00:25:56.300 --> 00:26:00.868
She just wants to catch fish,
earn a living,

00:26:00.901 --> 00:26:02.834
and bring up her child.

00:26:02.868 --> 00:26:05.767
But in a man\'s world,

00:26:05.801 --> 00:26:10.267
she\'s also making a point
not everyone wants to hear.

00:26:10.300 --> 00:26:12.367
- We have to do it.

00:26:12.400 --> 00:26:15.868
Just do it,
and among men.

00:26:15.901 --> 00:26:19.100
And, yeah,
you\'re up there on top,

00:26:19.133 --> 00:26:20.567
operating the wheels.

00:26:20.601 --> 00:26:21.901
They are down there.

00:26:21.934 --> 00:26:24.100
Some are saying,
\"What a young lady.\"

00:26:24.133 --> 00:26:25.734
I feel, \"Yes!\"

00:26:25.767 --> 00:26:27.367
It\'s a way of showing the men

00:26:27.400 --> 00:26:30.501
that we are capable of doing
something at the end of the day.

00:26:30.534 --> 00:26:32.601
I enjoy it.